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FTP采用客户/服务器模式，客户机与服务器之间利用TCP建立连接，客户可以从服务器上下载文件，也可以把本地文件上传至服务器。
FTP服务器有匿名的和授权的两种。匿名的FTP服务器向公众开放，用户可以用“ftp”或“anonymous”为帐号，用电子邮箱地址为密码登录服务器；授">
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FTP采用客户/服务器模式，客户机与服务器之间利用TCP建立连接，客户可以从服务器上下载文件，也可以把本地文件上传至服务器。
FTP服务器有匿名的和授权的两种。匿名的FTP服务器向公众开放，用户可以用“ftp”或“anonymous”为帐号，用电子邮箱地址为密码登录服务器；授">
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FTP采用客户/服务器模式，客户机与服务器之间利用TCP建立连接，客户可以从服务器上下载文件，也可以把本地文件上传至服务器。
FTP服务器有匿名的和授权的两种。匿名的FTP服务器向公众开放，用户可以用“ftp”或“anonymous”为帐号，用电子邮箱地址为密码登录服务器；授">
  
  
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      FTP 常用命令详解
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        <h2 id="一、FTP概述">一、FTP概述</h2><p>FTP是文件传输协议（File Transfer Protocal）的简写，主要完成与远程计算机的文件传输。</p>
<p>FTP采用客户/服务器模式，客户机与服务器之间利用TCP建立连接，客户可以从服务器上下载文件，也可以把本地文件上传至服务器。</p>
<p>FTP服务器有匿名的和授权的两种。匿名的FTP服务器向公众开放，用户可以用“ftp”或“anonymous”为帐号，用电子邮箱地址为密码登录服务器；授权的FTP服务器必须用授权的账户名和密码才能登录服务器。通常匿名的用户权限较低，只能下载文件，不能上传文件。</p>
<p>客户机访问FTP服务器通常有两种方法：用FTP命令访问和用FTP客户端软件访问</p>
<h2 id="二、常用FTP命令的使用">二、常用FTP命令的使用</h2><h3 id="1、登录FTP服务器">1、登录FTP服务器</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">方法一：输入命令 ftp host</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">方法二：先输入命令 ftp 启动FTP，再用命令 open host 登录服务器</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<a id="more"></a>
<p>注意：在输入密码时，屏幕没有任何显示，但已经输入了，不要认为出错。登录成功后就可以访问FTP服务器上的文件了</p>
<h3 id="2、查看FTP服务器上的文件">2、查看FTP服务器上的文件</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">dir 命令：显示目录和文件列表。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ls 命令：显示简易的文件列表。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> 命令：进入指定的目录。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#dir命令可以使用通配符“*”和“?”，比如，显示当前目录中所有扩展名为jpg的文件，可使用命令 dir *.jpg。</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#cd命令中必须带目录名。比如 cd main 表示进入当前目录下的main子目录，cd .. 表示退回上一级子目录。</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="3、下载文件">3、下载文件</h3><p>上传和下载文件时应该使用正确的传输类型，FTP的传输类型分为ASCII码方式和二进制方式两种，对.txt、.htm等文件应采用ASCII码方式传输，对.exe或图片、视频、音频等文件应采用二进制方式传输。在默认情况下，FTP为ASCII码传输方式。<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span> 命令：查看当前的传输方式。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ascii 命令：设定传输方式为ASCII码方式。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">binary 命令：设定传输方式为二进制方式。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#以上命令都不带参数</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">get 命令：下载指定文件。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">get命令的格式：get filename [newname]，filename为下载的FTP服务器上的文件名，newname为保存在本地计算机上时使用的名字，如果不指定newname，文件将以原名保存。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#get命令下载的文件将保存在本地计算机的工作目录下</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">mget 命令：下载多个文件。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">mget命令的格式：mget filename [filename ……]。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#mget命令支持通配符“*”和“?”，比如：mget *.mp3 表示下载FTP服务器当前目录下的所有扩展名为mp3的文件。</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="4、上传文件">4、上传文件</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">put 命令：上传指定文件。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">put命令的格式：put filename [newname]，filename为上传的本地文件名，newname为上传至FTP服务器上时使用的名字，如果不指定newname，文件将以原名上传。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#上传文件前，应该根据文件的类型设置传输方式，本机的工作目录也应该设置为上传文件所在的目录</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="5、结束并退出FTP">5、结束并退出FTP</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">close 命令：结束与服务器的FTP会话。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">quit 命令：结束与服务器的FTP会话并退出FTP环境。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="6、其它FTP命令">6、其它FTP命令</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">pwd</span> 命令：查看FTP服务器上的当前工作目录。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">rename filename newfilename 命令：重命名FTP服务器上的文件。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">delete filename 命令：删除FTP服务器上的文件。</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">help</span> [cmd] 命令：显示FTP命令的帮助信息，cmd是命令名，如果不带参数，则显示所有FTP命令</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

      
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